advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act

/ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 0000032161 00000 n The aim of OFSTED is to drive up standards. << /TT2 121 0 R In that situation, the children of the poor are most likely to suffer.. >> >> /TT1 226 0 R /Font << /Properties << << endobj /Kids [42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT2 226 0 R 43 0 obj /Contents 251 0 R /StructParents 22 /TT1 121 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Contents 279 0 R /Resources << /Font << 0000002452 00000 n /Contents 278 0 R /Contents 270 0 R /GS0 125 0 R >> Three decades later, the tools of that market performance measures and inspection reports are a fact of life. /MC0 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << /Font << /Properties << stream /TT0 120 0 R endobj /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. 51 0 obj /Contents 262 0 R Central to the advantage of facial recognition is that it enables the computerized and automated processing of biometric data based on the digital image or live video feed of a person for a variety of purposes or applications. This increased parental choice created what is known as a parentocracy , which refers to the idea that parents are ultimately in control of their child's schooling. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << The twentieth anniversary of the 1988 Education Reform Act [1] provides an opportunity to assess two decades of unprecedented political centralisation of education in the United Kingdom. /TT0 120 0 R >> /Properties << /ExtGState << >> /MC0 129 0 R 79 0 obj 94 0 obj << /Font << /Resources << /Properties << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << >> >> /MC0 129 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /Resources << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R >> /Kids [82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R] >> /GS0 125 0 R >> >> /Properties << >> /Type /Page /Annots [160 0 R 161 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /Parent 11 0 R /StructParents 82 /Kids [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R] /Parent 10 0 R /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << << << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Children were regularly assessed to establish whether they were meeting key stages appropriate to their . /Order [] /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 226 0 R /GS0 125 0 R << /Contents 266 0 R /Font << 32 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R To make this word schools have been required to publish a prospectus which includes their examination and test results since 1988. /StructParents 15 >> /Properties << /Rotate 0 /SubType /HF endobj << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Contents 248 0 R /Contents 131 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> >> /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R endobj /Type /Page >> /TT0 120 0 R /ExtGState << /Parent 17 0 R For instance, public policy decisions can be made by looking at decreasing state-administered tests in public schools if deficiencies in a particular subject are patent. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 0000003916 00000 n /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Rotate 0 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 14 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /TT1 226 0 R endobj /StructTreeRoot null /TT3 159 0 R /StructParents 59 >> /Rotate 0 endobj /Type /Page >> /ExtGState << >> >> /Parent 10 0 R /Properties << OFSTED Raised standard because a poor inspection could result in new management being imposed on underperforming schools. >> /Title 81 0 obj >> /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Properties << By Cyril John Barlongo. /Resources << /D << /Contents 238 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Parent 14 0 R /Names [ 309 0 R] >> /Resources << /Rotate 0 Broadening and Reinforcing the Benefits of Land Reform in the Philippines 1 Excludes DAR utilization of Fund 101. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Avoidance of long commuting times to school. >> 0000001551 00000 n /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 0000004437 00000 n /Type /Page /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 The 1988 Education act gave more power to parents to choose which school to send their children too and more power to heads of school to manage their own budget, and these two changes together meant that Local Education Authorities lost a lot of their control over how education was managed at the county level. /TT1 121 0 R /TT2 159 0 R << >> /ExtGState << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << >> >> >> << /Rotate 0 Government healthcare refers to government funding of healthcare services via direct payments to doctors, hospitals, and other providers. The New Rights core aim for education was to improve standards through marketisation, which in turn required giving parents more choice over where their children went to school. Parent choice and competition had barely registered on the national consciousness. /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /StructParents 45 /Type /Page /Rotate 0 << 0000000016 00000 n /Marked true The 1988 Education Reform Act was based on the principles of making schools more competitive (marketisation) and giving parents choice (parentocracy). /Type /Page Also, just because powerful governments have expanded marketisation on a global scale, this doesnt necessarily mean it works for everyone, and there are plenty of criticisms of the negative consequences of the 1988 Education Act as below, Below I summarize EIGHT criticisms of the 1988 Education Act, Concern has been expressed over the harmful effects of over-testing on pupils, especially younger pupils. >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 121 0 R The Tory minister Oliver Letwin once said he would rather beg than send his children there. /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> 2. /XObject << 190 0 R 191 0 R] /StructParents 66 63 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R 7 0 obj /ExtGState << >> /GS0 125 0 R >> /Properties << endobj /GS0 125 0 R >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page >> For more information, please visit our Permissions help page. /GS0 125 0 R endobj Just a note: pretty sure Ofsted was formed under the Education (Schools) Act in 1992 so technically not included in the ERA in 1988. so helpful for my sociology revision! /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /Parent 17 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Advantages. << This benefits special education students and general education students alike. /Limits [ ] /Contents 299 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, Advantages & disadvantages of The education reform act 1988. /TT1 121 0 R /StructParents 85 /ExtGState << endobj /MC0 129 0 R >> In the U.S. healthcare system, medical professionals are not employed by the government.Instead, they provide medical and health services privately and are reimbursed by the government for these services, in much the same way that insurance companies . /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /LetterspaceFlags 0 >> >> 106 0 obj The education received throughout a childhood determines how the future will be for the new generation. /StructParents 39 >> /Type /Page endobj << << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Last 114 0 R /TT1 121 0 R 26 0 obj >> /Resources << endobj /StructParents 56 /TT3 159 0 R /Rotate 0 Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. >> << /Contents 236 0 R The Obama administration would like to provide national education standards that all states would be required to follow, according to a report on VOANews.com.These national standards would offer continuity in education throughout the country and help students compete more effectively in a global economy, according to proponents of . >> ReviseSociologySociology Revision Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome. Although the number of these class-rooms has declined recently, many educa- /GS0 125 0 R >> /StructParents 57 >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 20 /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R /PageElement << (NB another aim of the New Right in education was to ensure that education equipped children with the skills for work, thus contributing to economic growth). /MC0 129 0 R /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> endobj /TT1 121 0 R How do I view content? >> /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R /TT2 121 0 R >> Registered in England & Wales No. >> >> /Parent 16 0 R love it! /TT1 226 0 R >> << /Contents 302 0 R /Contents 274 0 R /OCGs [7 0 R] Young people want the kudos of entering a profession which is valued by their peers. /Font << /StructParents 67 /Producer (Acrobat Distiller 6.0 \(Windows\)) >> Go compare-style websites ranking local schools are taken for granted. /Resources << If the states in the U.S. are in charge of setting their own standards of education, then it creates a system where every territory, district, and legislature could set their own expectations for curriculum development. /GS0 125 0 R It was this that then set the scene for successful schools to be able to expand and failing schools to collapse (and, following further policy changes later on under New Labour and other successive governments) to be taken over by successful schools. /Annots [127 0 R] /Resources << /Properties << >> The school you go to still depends on where you live we see parents swapping council houses to come here. >> << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << >> endobj /Properties << /Type /Page /TT0 120 0 R >> 29 0 obj /TT2 159 0 R >> /Type /Pages 25 0 obj /Type /Page >> Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1944 Education Act - conservative, Advantages of 1944 Education Act, Disadvantages of 1944 Education Act and more. >> 3 >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] It is the most significant policy that students need to be able to understand and evaluate within the education module for A-level sociology. >> x?a*""/T HpO=Ua.qKKYSe,UO0]vem3__)S_TROatNSa`\BQrLlL$xpH9xV6rzN[#xPC*m !E|HRoD>KxkI]h*p]+GcB-sr)4v#%U_J~ +Esz3a7/bf!UI0Y>_x4&X!)zX /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R /Next 19 0 R This is the act which more than any other has shaped the modern education system. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 11 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /Resources << /Rotate 0 << >> endstream endobj 58 0 obj < :>x)/P -44/R 2/U($AA;KSE)/V 1>> endobj 59 0 obj <> endobj 60 0 obj <> endobj 61 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/Properties<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 62 0 obj <> endobj 63 0 obj <> endobj 64 0 obj <> endobj 65 0 obj [/ICCBased 83 0 R] endobj 66 0 obj [/Separation/PANTONE#20Red#20032#20C 65 0 R 84 0 R] endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <> endobj 69 0 obj <. /Parent 15 0 R /LastModified (D:20040616154335) /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The Education Reform Act is then explored with reference to the revised correspondence principle. /Kids [102 0 R 103 0 R 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R 108 0 R 109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R] /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R endobj Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the . >> 73 0 obj >> >> /MC0 129 0 R /ExtGState << 1988 CHAPTER 40. /Parent 9 0 R endobj A considerable area of cultivable waste land and private forests . /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> /Kids [9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R] Advantages: 1. /GS0 125 0 R Hi Karl, thanks for this really useful. The ERA - known as the Butler Act - celebrated 30 years of being on the statute books in July 2018. /ExtGState << >> 0000008485 00000 n endobj endobj >> >> /Type /Page /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 289 0 R /Contents 261 0 R /Parent 12 0 R /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R >> /StructParents 55 endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 87 0 obj /Pages 2 0 R >> /Font << /ExtGState << << Competition & choice - Advantages-Gives parents a choice - Encourages schools to compete and raise standards - The more pupils, the more funding given to the school (FORMULA FUNDING) Disadvantages - Not all parents have choice (BALL) - The best schools are over-subscribed. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /Parent 10 0 R /Properties << /Properties << /StructParents 3 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents [117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R] /Type /Pages >> /Count 10 /TT1 159 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 31 0 obj /Parent 2 0 R Free schools are all-ability state-funded schools set up in response to what local people say they want and need in order to improve education for children in their community. List of the Pros of Federal Involvement in Education. 0000003188 00000 n /Parent 15 0 R >> >> 89 0 obj We have tripled the number of young people coming out of university with degrees but we havent increased substantially the number who are prepared to become teachers, says Gary Phillips. >> /TT1 226 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> /Font << Inclusion is believed to benefit the educational experience for all students. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 15 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Rotate 0 /GS0 125 0 R endobj >> /Last 19 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R The 1988 Education reform act was one of the most notable and significantly developed legislation since the last radical regulation, the education act of 1944. . endobj /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 228 0 R << /Dest [108 0 R /XYZ 0 697 null] << 53 0 obj 21 0 obj (In literal terms, it means the rule of the parents.). >> /GS0 125 0 R As the marketplace stabilized, some companies returned, and others continue to expand . The Education Reform Act, 1988, has been greeted as an ill wind by many sections of the educational establishment. /TT0 120 0 R >> /Resources << 0000010683 00000 n The New Right theorised that League tables would force schools to raise standards because no parent would want to send their child to a school at the bottom. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /Rotate 0 << /TT0 120 0 R From a Neoliberal and New Right perspective the above is fundamentally flawed logic as it means that successful schools which are attracting more pupils are subsidising worse performing schools and so the 1988 Act required that LEASs hand over their money directly to schools based on pupil numbers (formula funding) which removed the power of LEAs to control local budgets. /Contents 276 0 R /StructParents 71 /Font << These dimensions underpin the curriculum and the ethos of the school. /Parent 9 0 R /TT2 226 0 R /Font << >> /MC0 129 0 R >> /ExtGState << << 85 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R >> /Type /Page /Resources << /Font << /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 26 >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 11 0 R /MC0 129 0 R Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page >> There were no league tables, no Ofsted, no academies or free schools. 0000003291 00000 n /Count 10 /Font << >> /MC0 129 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R /Count 10 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj The unease Phillips voices about the market reforms came through interviews with many of the key players in recent education reform. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] They might in fact give extra money (in per pupil terms) to schools which were struggling to attract students in order to help them improve. /Rotate 0 It provided Three Core Subjects, Maths, English and Science, and Seven Foundation Subjects, Art, Music, Technology, History, Geography, A modern Foreign Language, and PE. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << In addition, locally determined endobj Theoretical shortcomings of the thesis are identified, and a reformulated version is suggested which incorporates resistances into the analysis of the education system. The government stipulated some criteria (children with siblings already at the school got preference for example, and those closest to the school also got preference) but eventually the government allowed some schools to become specialist schools where they were allowed to select 10% of their intake due to aptitude in a particular subject maths, music or sport for example. /Parent 14 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The New Rights 1988 Education Reform Act put in place the policies which aimed to achieve the goal of raising standards. >> >> >> /Parent 9 0 R 4 0 obj /StructParents 74 70 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R endobj 8 0 obj >> >> /Properties << /Resources << /TT1 226 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /Type /Page However, an important point to keep in mind is that correlation doesnt necessarily mean causation GCSE results may have improved over the last 30 years WITHOUT marketisation policies. >> endobj >> /MC0 129 0 R /ExtGState << 0000019248 00000 n /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 52 0 obj >> /Font << education, discipline that is concerned with methods of teaching and learning in schools or school-like environments as opposed to various nonformal and informal means of socialization (e.g., rural development projects and education through parent-child relationships). 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